Surrealism in English literature

 

  Surrealism was a Cultural Movement which developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I and was largely influenced by Dada movement.

           Surrealism is a movement of art and literature which was founded by the poet and critic Andre Breton in 19224. It became popular in 1920s ad lasted till 1940s. Andre Breton published the "Manifesto of Surrealism" in 1924 where he has explained this new movement in detail. It was a movement which was mainly inspired by the phycho-analytical theories by Sigmund Freud.

DEFINATION:-

         Surrealism is a 20th century movement which is emerged in contrast to realism of the 19th century. Andre Breton, a French surrealistic has defined a term Surrealism,

       "Surrealism is pure psychic automation, by which one intends to express verbally, in writing or by any other method, the real functioning of the mind. Dictation by thoughts, in the absence of control exercised by reason, and beyond any aesthetic or moral preoccupation."

• Verbal representation of the psyche 
• Expression of the activity of the mind
• Absence of reason or logic
• No esthetic or moral purpose                              

          Surrealism means supper realism. It means the reality which is 'beyond reality'. It expresses the true process of thoughts. Image come from the subconscious mind.

FEATURES OF SURREALISM:-

1. Automatic writing 
2. juxtaposition
3. Associations 
4. Irrationality
5. Unconscious mind
6. Dream & Fantacy
7. Surrealism vs. Fantacy                                                                                      

 MAJOR WRITERS OF SURREALISM:-

            It was between 1924 and 1945 that the movement of Surrealism became widely popular in literature. Major writers eho became the outstanding exponents of Surrealism were...

•     Andre Breton
•     Salvador Dali
•     De Chirico
•     Robert Desnos
•     Marcel Duchamp  

So... by this term analysis, we can find some salient features of this term...

• Supper realism
• Andre Breton (Manifesto of Surrealism)
• Revolt against restraint on free creativity 
• Talk about freedom 
• Directed against sung traditional
• Emphasis on unconsciousness in sculpture, painting, literature   

STYLE OF THE TERM:-

• Broken syntex    
• Free- logical
• Non- logical
• Non- chronological
• Dream like and nightmarish sequences    

CONCLUSION:-

                

               So, Surrealism was a literary movement which emerged and became popular after World War I and ended before the World War II. It was sharp reaction against the traditional ways of expression in literature.                                                                                                                                    

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